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set( filename "build-number.txt" )

# check for the previous build number
if ( EXISTS "${filename}" )
	# read build number from file
	file( READ "${filename}" build_number LIMIT 10 )
else()
	# no file with build number, assuming very first build
	set( build_number 0 )
endif()

# increment build number
math( EXPR build_number "${build_number} + 1" )

# save new build number into the same file
file( WRITE "${filename}" "${build_number}" )

cmake_minimum_required( VERSION 2.8 )

find_package( Qt4 REQUIRED )
include( "${QT_USE_FILE}" )

add_executable( test main.cpp )
target_link_libraries( test ${QT_LIBRARIES} )

# add target that will increment build number
add_custom_target( increment ALL
	"${CMAKE_COMMAND}" -E chdir "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}" "${CMAKE_COMMAND}" -P "increment.cmake"
)

add_dependencies( test increment )

#define _RELEASE_BUILD_NUMBER_ ${build_number}

...
# generate header with build version
configure_file( "build_number.h.template" "build_number.h" )

Во-первых, привязывать функционал к IDE - моветон.

MYVAR = $$system(perl ...)

#ifdef __TIME__
#define BUILDTIME __TIME__
#else
#define BUILDTIME .
#endif

#ifdef __DATE__
#define BUILDDATE __DATE__
#else
#define BUILDDATE .
#endif

...
mainWindowWidget->setWindowTitle( QString("Моя супер мега система.  сборка [%1 %2]").arg( BUILDDATE ).arg( BUILDTIME ));